Apprenticeship Indentures

ON MICROFILM and findmypast.

M3/9/1-84 MF3009

M3/9/85-464 MF3019

M3/9/465-607 MF 3020

This collection consists of 609 Indentures, ranging in date from 1700-1913, most of which were promoted by the Churchwardens and Overseers of the Poor of Manchester and their successors the Guardians of the Poor of the Manchester Union.

Also included are 68 Indentures made between private parties, the apprentices not necessarily being children or paupers and 14 promoted by the Overseers of places other than Manchester. Many of these record apprenticeships to Manchester tradespeople. Others have no apparent relevance to the work of the Manchester Overseers and it is difficult to imagine why they should have come into their custody at all (for example, 76, 77, 147, 160, 210). Nevertheless, they have been included in the main sequence as it was felt that their historical value would be more clearly displayed if they were placed in their proper chronological context. Similarly, four other items (57, 58, 125, 556) not Indentures have been inserted by date in the appropriate places in the calendar.

Amongst the Indentures in this collection which were promoted by the Manchester Overseers, the first use of a printed form is No. 88 (1744), although printed forms were used in other areas some years before this (Nos. 76 and 77, 1741).

Many Indentures bear seals, but none of them are of sufficient interest to justify a description in the text.

The entries in the calendar have been standardised into three main forms.

M3/9/1 Indentures promoted by the Overseers and Guardians of the Poor of Manchester and the Manchester Union

Example:

146. 18 Feb., 1765. Jonathan Sankey, about eleven, apprenticed to Peter Smith, Manchester, cordwainer.

It has been possible, because of the great number of Indentures in this category, to make the entries brief by omitting or abbreviating certain factors which were common to a number of Indentures at a time.

M3/9/1(a) Children's addresses.

Every child in this category was stated to have been 'of Manchester,' so it was not necessary to repeat this fact in every entry.

M3/9/1(b) Children's ages.

Ages are not stated in the early Indentures. The first instance in this collection of noting a child's age is in No. 42, 1730. Here it is given in the form 'now about eleven years of age' and put in the calendar entry as 'about eleven.' Ages are stated with more certainty from 1810 (No. 390).

M3/9/1(c) Length of term of apprenticeship.

The term varied in the early Indentures, though 'until the age of 21 years' with the proviso 'or until marriage,' in the case of a girl, was common. This became the standard term for a time and was incorporated into the text of the printed forms used from 1744 (No. 88). From 1800 (No. 322) girls had only to serve until the age of 18 years. From 1810 (No. 390) the term was to be 7 years, provided that this term did not exceed the boy's 21st birthday or the girl's 18th birthday or her marriage. Another change took place in 1817 (No. 436) when the term was to be 7 years for both boys and girls, the clause 'if not married before the expiration of the term' being introduced for some girls, but not for all of them. The term from 1840 (No. 534) was 'until the age of 21 years' for both boys and girls. Only exceptions to these general rules have been noted in the calendar entries. A new form introduced in 1845 stated that the term should not exceed 8 years (No. 557). The term was adjusted according to the individual child's age, so that in each case he should be released upon his attaining the age of 21 years. Finally, the last six Indentures show a standard term of 5 years.

M3/9/1(d) Masters' addresses.

'Manchester' only is given as the master's address in many of the documents and is written so in the calendar entries. In others, the name and number of the street is given. In the entries for these 'Manchester' is omitted. A number of Indentures give only the street address, without stating whether they are Manchester addresses. Many of the people concerned do not appear in the early Manchester directories. These directories are not, however, fully comprehensive and it seems likely that the persons writing the details in the Indenture forms were so familiar with the addresses mentioned that they did not consider it necessary to specify that they were in Manchester. In these cases 'Manchester' is assumed, with reservation. Other places are named briefly.

M3/9/2. Indentures made between private parties.

The wording of the entry is generally suggested by the wording of the Indenture. Example (a) is most common, but where an Indenture has begun 'This Indenture witnesseth' or 'Know all men by these presents' the form in Example (b) has been used.

Example (a):

18. 2 Feb. 1723. Between (1) Sarah Simmon, Penwortham; (2) William Bowker, Manchester, Dutch loom weaver. Simmon apprenticed herself to Bowker for three years.

Example (b):

11. 26 Mar. 1719. George Nornavell, son of William Nornavell of Mickley, Yorkshire, yeoman, apprenticed himself to Thomas Botchby, Grewelthorpe, linen-weaver, for seven years.

M3/9/3. Indentures promoted by Churchwardens and Overseers of other places.

Example:

12. 2 Aug. 1719. Charles Hibbert and Richard Orme, Overseers of the Poor in Sutton, Cheshire, placed Samuel Ouldfield as apprentice to James Barnitt, Manchester, tapeweaver, for seven years.

Dates

All dates have been expressed in terms of the New Style calendar.

Spelling

The spelling of personal names during much of the period covered by this collection seems to have been a matter of individual usage. There are many instances where the clerk's spelling of a name differs from the signatory's rendering and some where the clerk has written the same name in two different ways. It would be impossible to suggest even a general date by which usage and increasing literacy had established one spelling of a name over another. For the purposes of this calendar 1800 has been chosen as an arbitrary date. Up to this date, both the clerk's and the signatory's spelling have been indicated in the calendar entry; from 1800 only the signatory's spelling is given. In the indexes the signatory's spelling has been used, unless this seemed a manifestly unlikely rendering of the phonetic value of the name, and a reference from the other form is given. Where the clerk has spelt a name in two different ways, one form has been chosen and a reference made from the other. Other references to and from possible alternative spellings have not been supplied, so allowance for eccentricities of spelling must be made when using the indexes.

Some of the place names mentioned in Indentures are not easy to identify. A few suggestions have been offered, but some names have defied even a conjectural identification. In general, place names have been transcribed as written.

Endorsements

Most endorsements contain information of minor value and have been ignored. Where the endorsement records the assigning of an apprentice from one master to another the details are given in the calendar entry.

Indexes

M3/9/3/1. Apprentices

A number of apprentices appear to have had one or more aliases, e.g. No. 14. An entry is in the index for each name.

There are many instances of names occurring more than once. Comparison of the dates of the Indentures and the given ages of the apprentices shows that in a number of cases the several Indentures could very well refer to the same apprentice. In other cases the same comparison showed that distinct persons must be referred to. The index shows each name once only and references to all occurrences of the name are given there.

M3/9/3/2. Masters

This index includes other persons, bodies and charities mentioned in private Indentures and the names of Churchwardens and Overseers of townships other than Manchester. A separate list has been compiled of Manchester Overseers and of Justices of the Peace whose names appear in the Indentures. A printed list of the Churchwardens of Manchester already exists (283.4273 M7)

M3/9/3/3. Trades

In this list of trades, followed by the masters and mistresses and their apprentices and by other people mentioned in private Indentures, over 140 separate callings are listed, to all except 25 of which some one or more pauper children were apprenticed. It is interesting to note that the weaving trade is represented in no fewer than 300 Indentures.

Analysis of the Indentures

Number of Indentures 609

Miscellaneous items, not Indentures 4

Number of children put out by the Churchwardens and Overseers and Guardians of the Poor of the Township of Manchester and the Manchester Union 527

Of these, (a) boys 392

(b) Girls 135

(c) Number put out to genuine trades 512

(d) Number put out as servants or to learn 'housewivry' 15

Number put out by (a) private Indenture 68

(b) Overseers of other townships 14

INDEX OF APPRENTICES

ABBOTT, Thomas, 579

ALLMOND, John, 287

BALDWIN, John, 574, 587

BANCROFT, William, 572

BATES, William, 554

BATTERSEY, George Alfred, 609

BERRY, John, 559

BOWKER, James, 126

BRADSHAW, William, 564

BURTENSHAW, James, 586

CARROLL, Michael, 539

CHADWICK, Robert, 590

CLAYTON, Charles, 573

CLAYTON, Robert, 551

COGGAN, Charles William, 612

COLEMAN, Thomas, 581

COLLIER, Joseph, 598

CONNOLEY, George, 546

COOKE, James, 608

COOPER, James Thomson, 234

COOPER, William, 571

CROMPTON, Charles, 128

CRONSHAW, John, 550

DAVIES, Anthony, 541

DIXON, John, 569

DOBBIN, William, 605

DYSON, William, 603

ELLISON, William, 538

FAULKNER, William, 540

FITZGERALD, John, 599

FLETCHER, Edmund, 606

FREEMAN, Joseph, 613

FURBER, George Herbert, 610

GANNON, Edward, 575

GLASS, James, 562

GREENHALCH, James, 247

GREENHALCH, William, 557

HALL, Jane, 7

HANDLEY, William, 155

HANNON, William, 560

HENRY, Thomas, 584

HENSHAW, William, 591

HICKMAN, Henry, 547

HICKMAN, John, 568

HOLME, Thomas, 73

HOLT, Samuel, 604

HOOLEY, Edward, 576

HUGHES, John, 543

HUNTER, William, 595

JOHNSON, Thomas, 553

KERBYSHIRE, John, 544

KILBRIDE, Hugh, 607

KNIGHT, Thomas Tongue, 232

KNOWLES, James, 577

LAMBERT, Henry, 558

LANIGEN, William, 600

LEES, Hannah, 70

LESTER, William see Lister

LEWIS, William, 556, 578

LISTER, William, 254

McCARTNEY, Charles, 589

McCARTNEY, Daniel, 565

McCARTNEY, John, 545

McCORMACK, Thomas, 383

McCULLUM, John, 441

McGALPIN, John, 356

McGEE, Adam, 419

McGINN, John, 517

McGRATH, Thomas, 536

McGUIRE, John, 411

McGURK, William, 466

McKAY, Isaac, 481

McKENNY, John, 388

MACKEY, John, 424

MACKEY, William, 512

McKIRK, John, 486

McKNIGHT, Alice, 397

McNALLY, John, 458

McQUIRE, James, 385

McQUIRE, John, 405

McWILLIAMS, Betty, 308

MAKIN, Obadiah, 306

MALEY, Patrick, 596

MALLALIEU, James, 347

MALLALIEU, John, 479

MALLALIEU, Thomas, 478

MALLON, John, 456

MANWARING, George, 502

MARRIOTT, Thomas, 410

MARSH, Joseph, 359

MARSHALL, Henry, 390

MARSHALL, Mary, 406

MARSHALL, William, 496

MASSEY, David, 398

MASSEY, George, 503

MASSEY, Hannah, 414

MASSEY, James, 336, 409

MASSEY, Mary, 429

MASSEY, William, 370

MATHER, Ann, 311

MATHEWS, George, 334

MATTHAM, Cathlern, 283

MATTLEY, John, 309

MAUD, George, 402

MAUD, Thomas, 400

MAWSON, Mary Ann, 457

MAY, John, 362

MAY, Valentine, 439

MAY, William, 440

MAYALL, Ann, 381

MAYALL, Sarah, 375

MAYCOCK, Ann, 416

MAYOR, Robert, 284

MELLING, Elizabeth, 357

MELLOR, Abraham, 317

MELLOR, Alexander, 462

MELLOR, Elizabeth, 461

MELLOR, John, 314

MEHZEY, William John, 379

MEREDITH, Jeremiah, 301

METCALF, John, 326

MIDGLEY, Eliza, 418

MILBURN, William, 407

MILES, Martha, 415

MILLINGTON, Robert, 350

MILLS, Ann, 332

MITCHELL, Margaret, 488

MITTON, Edward, 345

MOFFITT, Margaret, 495

MOOR, David, 403

MOOR, James, 404

MOOR, William, 361

MOORE, John, 425

MOORS, Joseph, 371

MORRIS, William, 597

MORT, Charles, 472

MORTON, Betty, 442

MORTON, Samuel, 389

MOSLEY, Hannah, 497

MOSS, Fanny, 312

MOTLER, Tobias, 86

MOULD, William, 387

MULHOLLAND, Elizabeth, 463

MULHOLLAND, Francis, 392

MULHOLLAND, John, 399

MULLEN, John, 413

MULLIN, Patrick, 583

MURGATROYD, Henry, 548, 563

MURPHY, Thomas, 430, 542

MURRAY, Charles, 505

MURRAY, John, 534

MYCOCK, Samuel, 367

MYERS, Elizabeth, 453

MYERS, Robert, 455

NADEN, George, 13

NADIN, John, 434

NALL, Hannah, 76

NAYLOR, Benjamin, 1

NAYLOR, Thomas, 382

NEDDY, Edward, 394

NEW, Mary, 179, 186

NEWMAN, Thomas, 230

NEWTON, Ann, 304

NEWTON, Edward, Jnr., 10

NEWTON, Ellenor, 104

NEWTON, George, 153, 432

NEWTON, John, 303, 431

NEWTON, Joseph, 125, 514

NEWTON, Mary, 152

NEWTON, Thomas, 422

NICHOLS, Timothy, 396

NICHOLSON, Elizabeth, 339

NICHOLSON, James, 360

NICHILL, John, 41

NIGHTINGALE, William, 511

NIHILL, Abraham, 2

NIXON, Mary, 235

NORMANSALL, John, 368

NORMANSALL, Sarah, 297

NORMINSHALL, John see Normansall

NORNAYELL, George, 11

NORTON, James, 207

NORTON, William, 352

NORWICH, Mary, 66

NOWLIN, William, 508

NUGENT, James, 483

NUTSFORD, John, 29

NUTTALL, Betty, 88, 89

NUTTALL, Elizabeth, 349

NUTTALL, John, 395

NUTTALL, Thomas, 377

OAKES, Edward, 20

OAKS, Hannah, 132

O'BRIAN, Priscilla, 322

OGDEN, Cathrine, 87

OGDEN, Elizabeth, 54, 58, 80, 292, 363

OGDEN, Martha, 242

OGDEN, Mary, 72, 244, 251

OGDEN, Samuel, 261

OGDEN, Sarah, 148, 185

OGDEN, Thomas, 219, 226, 319

OGDEN, William, 57, 61, 316

OLDHAM, Charles, 187

OLDHAM, Elisabeth, 50

OLDHAM, James, 35, 130

OLDHAM, Sarah, 138, 190

OLDRID, Joseph, 183

OLDROYD, Alexander, 157

OLIVER, John, 313

OLDRIDGE, Ann, 167

ORRITT, John, 328

OULDFIELD, Samuel, 12

OULDHAM, Richard, 25

OUT, James, 238

OWEN, Ann, 34

OWEN, John, 205, 223

OWEN, Peter, 325

OWEN, Sarah, 38

OXLEY, John, 77

PAXTON, John, 570

PENDLETON, William, 582

POTTER, William, 552

RAMSBOTTOM, James, 499

RAMSDEN, William, 561

READ, Elizabeth, 475

READ, Francis, 484

READ, William, 452

REDFEARN, Emma, 491

REDFEARN, John, 450

REID, Joshua, 601

RENSHAW, Charles, 494

RENSHAW, James, 467

REYNOLDS, Michael, 519

RIBCHESTER, George, 13

RICE, Sarah, 449

RICHARDSON, John, 471

RIMMER, Arthur William, 504

ROBERTS, James, 527

ROBY, George, 525

ROSE, George, 611

ROSS, James, 474

ROTHWELL, Henry, 529

ROTHWELL, Mary, 358

ROWE, John, 477

RUSHFORTH, Mary, 460

RUSHTON, Frederick, 523

RUSHWORTH, Joseph, 535

RUSSELL, Henry, 594

RUSSELL, Joseph, 533

RUSSELL, William, 532

RYLEY, George, 520

SALMONS, Bernard, 585

SALVIN, John, 531

SAMS, Joseph, 318

SANDFORD, James, 259

SANDIFORD, Charles, 52

SANDIFORD, Sarah, 9

SANDIFORD, Thomas, 68, 445

SANGSTER, Joseph, 258

SANKEY, Jonathan, 146

SAUL, Sarah, 507

SAUL, William, 493, 498

SAUNDERS, John, 386

SAUNDERSON, Ann, 178, 192

SAVAGE, Henry, 509

SAVAGE, John, 515

SAXON, Margaret, 468

SAXTON, Elizabeth, 117

SCHOFIELD, Edward, 327

SCHOFIELD, Hannah, 346

SCHOFIELD, John, 105

SCHOFIELD, Joseph, 220

SCHOFIELD, Mary, 351

SCHOFIELD, Thomas, 353, 501, 549

SCHOLES, John, 267

SCHOLES, Richard, 160

SCHOLFIELD, Ann, 100

SCHOLFIELD, Charles, 116

SCHOLFIELD, Mary, 111

SCHOLFIELD, Thomas, 333

SEDDON, Elizabeth, 323

SEDDON, Hannah, 373

SEDDON, James, 64

SEDDON, Jane, 56

SEDDON, John, 16

SEDDON, Martha, 19

SEDDON, Robert, 83, 513

SEDDON, Sarah, 60

SEDDON, Thomas, 73

SEDGWICK, Elizabeth, 300

SEDGWICK, Joseph, 444

SELBY, William, 169

SENIOR, George, 506

SHANKS, John, 158, 171

SHAW, Edward, 32

SHAW, James, 30, 69

SHELDON, Mary, 459

SHELDON, William, 299

SHELMARDINE, John, 99

SHELMERDINE, Abraham, 37

SHELMERDINE, Charles, 344

SHELMERDINE, Hannah, 62, 200

SHELMERDINE, James, 22, 307, 518

SHELMERDINE, John, 174

SHELMERDINE, Martha, 63

SHELMERDINE, Robert, 252, 315

SHELMERDINE, William, 31, 42

SHENTON, John, 211

SHENTON, William, 233

SHEPARD, Elizabeth, 237

SHEPARD, James, 221

SHEPARD, Mary, 239

SHEPHARD, Edward, 272

SHEPHERD, Alexander, 191

SHEPHERD, Charles, 204

SHEPHERD, James, 202

SHERKEY, Charles, 278

SHERKEY, John, 279

SHOEMAKER, Sarah, 85

SHOEMAKER, Tobias, 86

SHORE, John, 129

SHORE, Phinehas, 163

SHORE, Thomas, 268

SHORE, William, 145, 151, 246

SHUFFLETON, John, 510

SHUTLEWORTH, Thomas, 93

SIDDALL, John, 14

SIDDALL, Moses, 341

SIDEBOTHAM, James, 107

SIDEBOTHOM, John, 55

SIDEBOTTOM, Elizabeth, 276

SIDEBOTTOM, George, 489

SIDEBOTTOM, Samuel, 487

SIGLEY, Joseph, 248

SIKES, Thomas, 164

SIMCOCK, Jane, 67

SIMISTER, John, 90

SIMISTER, Joseph, 124

SIMISTER, Joshua, 162

SIMISTER, Robert, 8

SIMMON, Sarah, 18

SIMPSON, Elizabeth, 161

SIMPSON, Mary, 79, 348

SINGLETON, Elizabeth, 40, 170, 184

SINGLETON, James, 182

SINGLETON, John, 44

SINGLETON, Joseph, 469

SINGLETON, Mary, 48

SINGLETON, Nathan, 96

SINGLETON, Samuel, 4, 262

SKARROTT, John, 376

SKELLING, Robert, 135

SKELLON, William, 134

SKELTON, Elizabeth, 118

SKELTON, Thomas, 78

SLATER, Benjamin, 120

SLATER, Mary, 21

SLATOR, James, 59

SLATOR, Joseph, 71

SLATOR, William, 75

SLEATER, Joseph, 270

SLOAN, Nancy, 343

SMALL, John, 109

SMALLWOOD, John, 380

SMEDLEY, Daniel, 175

SMEDLEY, Thomas, 296

SMETHURST, George, 180

SMETHURST, James, 580

SMETHURST, Martha, 273

SMIRK, Fanny, 137

SMIRK, Sarah, 227

SMIRK, Steward, 47

SMIRK, William, 46

SMITH, Ann, 24, 291

SMITH, Betty, 366

SMITH, Charles, 165

SMITH, Elizabeth, 43, 240, 330

SMITH, George, 451

SMITH, Hannah, 524

SMITH, John, 127, 198, 338

SMITH, Margaret, 374

SMITH, Mark, 378

SMITH, Mary, 28, 298, 365

SMITH, Peter, 6

SMITH, Samuel, 5, 36, 331

SMITH, Thomas, 15, 74, 133, 193, 438, 516

SMITH, William, 17, 136, 256

SMITHILL, Hannah, 45

SOTHERN, William, 521

SOUTHER, William, 82

SOUTHERN, John, jnr. 528

SOUTHURST, Jane, 168

SOUTHURST, William, 195

SPARLING, John, 289

SPENCER, Richard, 216

SPRATLEY, Sarah, 84

STANDFIELD, Sarah, 39

STANFIELD, Abraham, 23

STANLEY, James, 384

STANTON, James, 294

STAPLETON, Thomas, jnr., 81

STAPPLETON, Mary, 159

STEEL, Ann, 243

STEEL, Elizabeth, 295

STEPHENSON, Charles, 128

STEVENSON, Ann, 364

STEVENSON, David, 492

STEWART, Ellen, 156

STITH, John, 263

STOCKPORT, Esther, 51

STOCKPORT, Peter, 337

STOCKPORT, Ralph, 26

STOCKPORT, Sarah, 65

STOCKPORT, Thomas, 27, 49

STOCKTON, Thomas, 436

STONES, Hannah, 70

STONES, John, 236

STONES, William, 354

STOPFORD, William, 324

STORER, George, 3

STOREY, Elizabeth, 482

STOTT, Isaac, 447

STREET, Edmund, 53

STREET, Ellen, 526

STRETHIL, James, 130

STUBBS, William, 464

SUDLOW, James, 454

SULLORN, John, 98

SUTHER, William see Souther

SWANN, Mariam, 443

SWIFT, Lionel, 355

SWIFT, Thomas, 500

SWINDELLS, John, 473

SWISHER, James, 122

SWITZER, John, 602

SYDALL, John, 33

SYMSON, Mary see Simpson

TALBOT, Matthias, 114

TALBOT, Thomas, 260

TARBROOKE, John, 189

TARVIN, David, 141

TATLOCK, Henry, 427

TAVO, James, 420

TAYLOR, Adkin, 465

TAYLOR, Atkin, 485

TAYLOR, Charles, 282, 340

TAYLOR, Elizabeth, 113, 321

TAYLOR, Ellen, 108, 112

Taylor, Ellenor, 104

TAYLOR, Hannah, 206

TAYLOR, James, 203, 210, 224, 253, 274, 280, 288

TAYLOR, John, 140, 147, 177, 277, 293, 426, 480

TAYLOR, Joseph, 183, 305, 329, 423

TAYLOR, Joshua, 119

TAYLOR, Mary, 250, 257

TAYLOR, Rebecca, 285

TAYLOR, Robert, 286

TAYLOR, Samuel, 342

TAYLOR, Sarah, 144

TAYLOR, William, 213, 446

TEATH, Mary, 265

TENNANT, William, 437

TETLOW, Abraham, 176, 188, 196

TETLOW, James, 255, 269

TETLOW, Tabitha, 131

THOMAS, Ann, 110

THOMAS, Joseph, 231

THOMAS, Michael, jnr., 172

THOMAS, Richard, 310

THOMAS, William, 476

THOMASON, John, 448

THOMPSON, John, 241

THOMPSON, Robert, 393

THORLEY, James, 421

THORNELEY, Robert, 433

THORNLEY, William, 417

THORNTON, Joshua, 470

THORP, Esther, 197

THORP, James, 214, 372

THORP, Joseph, 401

THORP, Mary, 201

THORP, Samuel, 320

THORPE, Betty, 302

THORPE, Henry, 91

THORPE, Roger, 194

THRASHER, Mary, 101

TIERNEY, Joseph, 537

TILDESLEY, Abraham, 95

TILDESLEY, Thomas, 92

TILLEY, Martha, 428

TILLOTSON, James, 290

TIMPERLY, George, 123

TINKER, Ann, 102

TINKER, Elizabeth, 106

TINKER, Joseph, 408

TITT, Thomas, 369

TODD, Edward, 530

TOFT, John, 139

TOFT, Thomas, 143

TOLBOT, John, 245

TOLBOTT, Mary, 249

TOLBUT, Hannah, 266

TOMLINSON, Abram, 335

TOMLINSON, Alice, 142

TOMLINSON, George, 281

TOMLINSON, Mary, 275

TONGE, David, 435

TONGE, Jeffry, 149

TONGE, John, 121

TOPPING, Edward, 173

TOPPING, Mary Ann, 522

TORBATT, Josiah, 271

TORKINGTON, Martha, 264

TORKINGTON, Samuel, 391

TOTTERIDGE, Ann, 181

TOUNG, Joseph, 94

TOWERS, John, 218

TOWN, Thomas, 97

TOWNLEY, Samuel, 229

TOWNLY, Thomas, 154

TRAINER, James, 166

TRAVIS, Frances, 209

TRAVIS, Hannah, 150

TRAVIS, Henry, 103

TRAVIS, John, 222, 225

TRAVIS, Thomas, 215

TRAVIS, William, 208

TRAYNOR, Jane, 199

TREASURE, William, 217

TUCKER, John, 412

TURNER, James, 247, 490

TURNER, Mary, 115

TURNER, Richard, 228

TWEDEL, William, 212

WADE, John, 555

WILD, John, 129

WONDERLEY, Joseph, 592

WOOD, Jeremiah, 588

WOOLESENCROFT, John, 14

WOOSENCROFT, John, 14

WRIGLEY, John, 593

WROE, Henry, 566

WROK, Thomas, 567

Index of Masters

ACKERS, James, 284, 6, 8, 9; 299

ASTON, Thomas, 590

AINES, Thomas, 471

ALLEN, Richard, 556

ALLIN, Richard, 44

AL-RY, John, 194

ANDREW, John, 174

ANDREW, John, 350

ANDREW, Jonathan, 118

ANDREW, Robert, 270

ANTROBUS, George, 26, 27

APPLETON, Henry, 222

ARMITAGE, Thomas, 419

XXXlt;!-- unreadable Word --XXXgt;AHS, James, 585

ASHETON, Edmund see Ashton

ASHTON, Edmund, 52

ASSHETON, John see Asshton

ASSHTON, John, 8

ASTLEY, George, 60

BAGNALL, Thomas, 323

BAGOLY, Richard, 153

BAGSHAW, George, 332

BAGUOY, Richard see Ragoly

BAMROYD, Henry, 252

BANCROFT, John, 496

BANCROFT, Richard, 104

BANCROFT, William, 104

BANCROFT, William, 206

BANTON, John, 114

BARBER, Peter, 214

BARDSLEY, Samuel, 422

PARKER, John, Samuel, Joseph & Thomas, 294

BARKER, William, 560, 561

BARLOW, James, 66

BARLOW, Joseph, 390

BARLOW, Mary, 366

BARLOW, Nathan, 447

BARLOW, Thomas, 423

BARNS, Thomas, 272

BARON, Samuel, 90

BARRETT, Thomas, 126

BARROW, Samuel, 582

BARTON, Samuel, 207

BASTOW, George, 549

BATE, William, 369

BATEMAN, Robert see Beatman

BATTON, William, 367

BAXENDALL, James, 505

BAXTER, Charles, 221

BAYLEY, Joseph, 283

BEATMAN, Robert, 180

BECKET, Thomas, 111

BEELEY, John, 128

BEEVER, Jonathan, 284, 6, 8, 9; 299

BELEY, Abraham, 424

BELL, James, 238

BELWARD, Christopher, 481

BENGO, William, 177

BENISON, Robert, 60

BENNETT, Edward, 535, 548

BENTLEY, Thomas, 359

BERCKLES, Thomas, 215

BERRY, Harry Dixon, 611

BERRY, John, 85

BERRY, John, 168

BESWICK, John, 228

BETTS, Amos, 76

BIBBY, William, 522

BICKERS, William, 521

BIRD, John, 545

BIRKIT, Thomas, 101

BLACKSHAW, John, 248

BLACKSTOCK, Edward, 451

BEARD, Abraham, 433

BLUNDELL, Jonathan & Co. 160

BLUNT, Robert, 591

BOARDMAN, Thomas, 227

BOARDMAN, William, 117

BOCOCK, John, 325

BOOTH, Allen, 525

BOOTH, George, 176

BOOTH, George, 220

BOOTH, Jacob, 95

BOOTH, James, 559

BOOTH, John, 107

BOOTH, John, 143

BOOTH, William, 188

BOTCHRY, Thomas, 11

BOULTON, Francis, 504

BOWEN, Robert, 149

BOWKER, James, 333

BOWKER, Jonathan, 22

BOWKER, Robert, 9

BOWKER, William, 18

BRADBURY, Reginald, 3

BRADLEY, James, 508

BRADLEY, John, 319

BRADSHAW, John, 551

BRAITHWAITE, Richard, 17

BREESE, Robert, 301

BRETHWAITE, Richard see Braithwaite

BRIARILY, Ann, 200

BRIERLEY, Abraham, 405

BRIERLEY, Ann see Briarley

BROMLEY, Thomas, 365

BROOKES, Robert, 110

BROOKS, James, 135

BROOME, William, 98

BROWN, Charles, 243

BROWN, James, 354

BROWNBRIDGE, Peter, 418

BRUNDRET, James, 257

BRYAN, John, 425

BRYCE, John, 602

BUCKLEY, James, 363

BUCKLEY, John, 462

BUCKLY, Joseph, 136

BURGESS, James, 266

BURY, Jennet, 251

BURY, John, 36

BURY, John, 42

BURY, Philip, 35

BUTTERWORTH, Abel, 431

BUTTERWORTH, James, 497

BUTTERWORTH, Samuel, 167

BUTTERWORTH, William, 152

CASTER, James, 500

CAUNCE, Richard, 108

CAVE, George & Sever, Charles, 530

CHADWICK, Andrew, 267

CHADWICK, Edward, 454

CHANTLER, John, 100

CHANTLER, Samuel, 408

CHANTLER, Thomas, 92

CHEETHAM, Isaac, 79, 89

CHEETHAM, James, 258

CHESLETT, Peter, 474

CHORLTON, James, 327

CHURCHILL, John, 421

CLARK, Benjamin, 494

CLARKE, Isaac, 199

CLEGG, Richard, 450

CLEGG, Thomas, 76

CLOUGH, George, 70

CLOUGH, Mary, 161

COCHRAN, Walter, 137

COCKBAIN, Isaac, 218

COCKBURN, Samuel, 244

COCKER, James, 334, 335

CONNOLLEY, John, 499

CONNOR, John, 193

COOK, James, 321

COOPER, Benjamin, 574

COTTON, Charles, 581, 600

COXSON, Thomas, 308

CRAGG, Jonathan, 44

CRESSEY, Robert, 385

CROMPTON, James, 241

CROMPTON, Mathew, 31

CROSSLEY, Joshua, 176

CROWDER, John, 315

DAIN, James, 108

DALE, Peter, 437

DALTON, Edward, 355

DALZIEL, Matthew & Thomas, 313

DAVIES, Thomas, 362

DAWSON, Thomas, 480

DAWSON, William, 246

DAY, Mark, 546

DEANE, John, 115

DEARDEN, Samuel, 230

DERBISHIRE, James, 14

DIGGLE, William, 302

DINELEY, Thomas, 532, 580, 593, 603

DIXON, John, 274

DIXON, Joseph, 76

DOBSON, Abraham, 331

DOWNHAM, Joseph, 529

DRINKWATER, John, 133

DRONSFIELD, George, 396

DUCKWORTH, John, 176

DUCKWORTH, John, 240

DUFF, Mathew, 386

EAMES, Edward, 601

EASTHAM, Joseph, 588

EASTON, John, 477

EDGE, James, 228

EDGE, Ralph, 144, 151

ELLIS CHARITY, 77

ELLOR, Edward, 34

ESDAILE, James, 528

EVERETT, Randle, 543

EXLEY, Robert, 552

FAIRBROTHER, John, 409

FAIRBROTHER, William, 453

FALDO, John, 118

FALLOWS, William, 104

FARREN, Thomas, 190

FARROW, James, 403

FARROW, William, 404

FISHER, John, 577

FLETCHER, George, 439, 440

FLETCHER, John, 529

FOSTER, William, 426

FRANCES, Richard, 515

FREEMAN, Anthony, 537, 541

FURNISS, Joseph, 528

GEDDES, William, 376, 377, 378

GEE, Newman, 54

GIBBON, Samuel, 145

GILBERT, William, 490

GILLIAM, Jonathan, 4

GOODIER, John, 225

GOODIER, John, 254

GOODIN, John, 208

GOOLDEN, Richard, 166

GORTON, William, 224

GOULDEN, Richard, 445

GRANTHAM, George, 192

GREAVES, John, 309

GREEN, Charles, 72

GREENWOOD, John, 563

GRETTON, George, 227

GRICE, Abraham, 388

GRIME, Samuel, 387, 399

GRIMSHAW, George, 53

GRIMSHAW, James, 106

GRIMSHAW, Josiah, 113

GUEST, Stephen, 277

HAIGH, William, 513

HAMER, Peter 565

HAMMOND, William 459

HAMPSON, George 105

HAMSON, James 122

HANSON, Jesse 400

HARMSON, Edward 555

HARRISON, James 429

HARRISON, Thomas 124

HART, Jeoffrey 28

HARTLEY, David 94

HARTLEY, Edward 103

HAWKSEY, Henry 583

HAWORTH, Elizabeth 65

HAWORTH, Thomas 65

HAYES, John see HEYES

HAYMAN, James 278, 279

HEATH, Edwin 527

HEATHCOTE, Robert 568

HERRIOT, James 553

HEWITT, John 326

HEYES, Daniel 517

HEYES, John 242

HEYES, John 316

HEYS, John 305

HEYWOOD, James 374

HEYWOOD, John 171

HIBBERT, Joseph 539

HIGGINSON, Thomas 229

HIGHAM, Charles 572

HIGHAM, Joseph 104

HILTON, Ralph 466

HIND, Philip 231

HINDLEY, John 534

HOBSON, John 183

HOBSON, Joshua 384

HOBSON, Sarah 567

HODGSON, Henry 203

HOLBART, Esther 275

HOLDING, John 498

HOLDSWORTH, John 322

HOLLAND, Elkanah 21

HOLLAND, Samuel 28

HOLLAS, Nathan 482

HOLLINS, Robert 55

HOLME, William see HULME

HOLMES, Thomas 81

HOLMES, Thomas 597

HOLT, Henry 250

HOLT, James 460

HOLT, John 488

HOPE, Richard 328

HOPE, Thomas 380

HORSFIELD, James 518

HOSPITAL FOR THE MAINTENANCE AND EDUCATION OF EXPOSED AND DESERTED YOUNG CHILDREN. 178, 179, 181

HOUGHTON, Aaron 339

HOUGHTON, Peter 142

HOULDSWORTH, William, Thomas & Henry 291, 292

HOWARTH, James 195

HOWARTH, John 134

HOWARTH, Joseph 448

HOYLE, James 382

HUDSON, Edward 6

HUDSON, James 6

HULME, Edmund 361

HULME, William 73

HULME, William 164

HULTON, James 495

HUNT, Charles 411

HUNT, James 345

HUNT, John 469

HUNT, William 506, 516

HUTCHINSON, George 280

HYDE, Abel 118

HYLTON, Joseph 10

IRELAND, William 217

ISHERWOOD, Robert 558

JACKSON, John 176

JACKSON, John 187

JACKSON, William 96

JACKSON, William 191

JACKSON, William 281

JACOBS, Israel (and SOLOMON, Philip) 586, 587

JAMES, William 589

JEBSON, Samuel 205

JEPSON, Samuel 223

JOHNSON, Charles 314

JOHNSON, George 62

JOHNSON, Thomas 219

JONES, Henry 56

JONES, Thomas 487

KAY, James 15

KAY, Thomas 253

KELSALL, Robert 119

KENDAL, Robert 472

KERSHAW, John 118

KERSHAW, John 268

KINDER, Samuel 45

KIRKPATRICK, John 413

KITSON, Edward 212

KNIGHT, Francis 6

KNIVETON, Nehemiah 394

LANE, James 514

LAROW, William 32

LASCELLS, James 337

LAWTON, William 478, 479

LEACH, Robert 395

LATHLEY, Samuel 76

LEE, Daniel 213

LEE, John 373

LEE, Peter 82

LEE, William 158

LEE, William 162

LEECH, Elizabeth 60

LEECH, George 60

LEECH, John 99

LEECH, Joseph 256

LEECH, Matthew 129

LEES, James 118

LEES, John 70

LEES, John 262

LEIGH, John 510

LEIGH, Peter 573

LEMON, Joshua 372

LEWTY, Samuel 613

LINCH, Patrick 109

LIVESEY, William 223

LOMAS, John 539

LONGWORTH, Peter 28

LOWE, Hamilton 526

LOWE, Matthew 503

LOWRY, Arthur 417

LUND, Jane 184

LYON, John 320

McCANN, Peter 358

McCLURE, William 524

McGILL, William Arnold 592

MACGOWAN, James 599

MAKIN, Richard 156

MAKIN, William 364

MAN, John 49

MANLOR, Benjamin 371

MARSDEN, William 29

MARSDEN, William 407

MARSH, Samuel 298

MASON, Joseph 231

MASSEY, James 379

MASSEY, John 216

MASSEY, Mary 443

MASSEY, William 485

MATHER, Charles 455

MATHER, John 196

MEADOWCROFT, James 391

MEADOWCROFT, Richard 130

MEAKIN, Benjamin 605

MELLIN, John 170

MELLOR, James 247

MELLOR, Joseph 464

MELLOY, William 578

MERNA, John 420

MIDDLETON, James 483

MILLNER, Ralph 227

MILLS, Daniel 457, 463

MOLT, William see MOULT

MOLYNEUX, Thomas 271

MOORE, George 351

MOORE, Isaac 492

MOORE, John 358

MOORES, Charles 269

MORRIS, James 43

MORRIS, James 412

MORTON, James 96

MOSS, James 37

MOULT, William 197, 201

NADEN, Thomas 13

NAYLOR, James 1

NEVILLE, James 542

NEVILLE, John 540

NEWELL, Alice 297

NEWTON, Edward 10

NEWTON, George 392

NEWTON, John 153

NEWTON, Thomas 484

NICHOLSON, John 489

NIELD, Samuel 207

NIGHTINGALE, Thomas 227

NIHILL, John 2

NORHAVELL, William 11

MUTTALL, Thomas 44

OGDEN, Alexander 219

OGDEN, John 102

OGDEN, Thomas 148

OGDEN, William 358

OLDHAM, Ann 138

OLDHAM, George see OULDHAM

OLDROYD, James 157

ORMROD, Oliver and Richard 333

OULDHAM, George 60

OWEN, John 306

OXLEY, John 77

PARK, Jonathan 123

PARRIN, Thomas 30

PARROCK, John 342

PARROCK, Mary 415

PARTINGTON, Edmund 330

PARTINGTON, John 20

PARTINGTON, Joseph 239

PAWLETT, John 2

PEATSON, Henry Robert 606

PEEL, Abraham 68

PEELE, Abraham 13

PENDLETON, James 178

PENNINGTON, Charles 434

PICKFORT, John 199

PILLING, Thomas 475

PINNINGTON, James 38

PLATT, James 467

POLLITT, Thomas 293

PORT, John 296

PORTER, Joseph 577

POSTLES, John 333

POSTLETHET, Richard see POSTLETHWAITE

POSTLETHWAITE, Richard 1

POWNALL, John 344

PRESTWITCH, Mary 9

PRESTWITCH, Thomas 9

PRITCHARD, Daniel 348

PROSSER, Richard 198

RAMSDEN, John 491

RAMSEY, William 312

RATCLIFF, James 375, 381

REDDISH, Robert 50

REDFERN, Benjamin 569, 571

REDFERN, James 562

REDFERN, John 329

REDFORD, Thomas 349

RENFREW, John 234

RENSHAW, Thomas 202

RICHARDS' CHARITY 60

RICHARDS, William George 575

RICHARDS, William Smith 564, 579

RIDER, Jonathan 19

RIDINGS, Peter 307, 315

RIGBY, John 139

RIGLEY, Joseph, senior 6

ROBINSON, Edmund 141

ROBINSON, Edward 317

ROBINSON, Esther see ROBINSON, John

ROBINSON, George 501, 502

ROBINSON, John 179

ROBINSON, John & Esther 40

ROGERS, Daniel 63

ROGERS, Edward 46

ROGERS, William 10

ROGERSON, James 308

ROSTERN, Henry 86

ROSTHORN, Henry see ROSTERN

ROYLE, James 336

ROYLE, Samuel 87

ROYLE, William 28

ROYLE, William 533

RUSSELL, James 300

RYDER, James 48

RYDINGS, Peter see RIDINGS

RYECROFT, William 74

SAUL, Hannah 507

SAUL, John 493

SAWYER, Samuel 93

SCHOFIELD, James 402

SCHOFIELD, Jonathan 358

SCHOFIELD, Joseph 220

SCHOFIELD, Joseph 249

SCHOFIELD, Philip 132

SCHOFIELD, Thomas 285

SCHOFIELD, Thomas 357

SCHOFIELD, Thomas see SCHOLEFIELD

SCHOFIELD, William 105

SCHOLEFIELD, Hannah 161

SCHOLEFIELD, Thomas 7

SCHOLES, James 160

SCHOLES, Matthew see SCOALLES

SCHOLES, Robert 126

SCHOLFIELD, John 333

SCOALLES, Matthew 23

SEDDON, Henry 60

SEDDON, John 16

SEVER, Charles, (& CAVE, George) 530

SEWELL, William 550

SHAW, Bernard 30

SHAW, James 570

SHAW, John 338

SHEASBY, George 610

SHELMERDINE, Edmund 173

SHENTON, Richard 211, 233

SHEPHERD, James 88

SHEPHERD, James 185

SHEPHERD, Richard see SHEPPARD

SHEPPARD, Richard 397

SHOESMITH, Thomas 461

SHORE, James 163

SHUTLEWORTH, Robert 93

SIDDALL, Phineas 33

SIDEBOTTOM, Sarah 276

SILLWOOD, George 346

SIMISTER, William 383

SINGLETON, Cecil (written Siscil) 4

SINGLETON, Nathan 255, 260

SINGLETON, Samuel 96

SINGLETON, Samuel 104

SLATER, Daniel 71

SLATER, Joseph 456

SLATER, William 120

SMALLEY, William, jun. 75

SMETHURST, Hannah 273

SMIRK, Barnabus 47

SMITH, Alexander 198

SMITH, Andrew 389

SMITH, George 523

SMITH, Hugh 108

SMITH, Jacob 398

SMITH, James 554

SMITH, John 5

SMITH, Joshua 165

SMITH, Joshua 318

SMITH, Peter 127

SMITH, Peter 146

SMITH, Samuel 6

SMITH, Samuel 83

SMITH, Samuel 172

SMITH, Simon 24

SOLOMON, Joseph 446

SOLOMON, Philip, and JACOBS, Israel 586, 587

SOUTHERN, John 528

SPEAKMAN, David 232

SPEAKMAN, Richard 311

SPENCER, William 216

SPIERS, John 557

SPOONER, John 76

STAMMERS, George 609

STANLEY, Joseph 245

STAPLETON, Thomas 81

STAPPLETON, Thomas 159

STEEL, Christopher 295

STOCKPORT, Ralph 51

STOCKTON, John 436

STONES, Elizabeth 354

STORER, John 3

STOTT, James 360

STOTT, James 430

STOTT, John 370

STOTT, Joseph 473

STRETCH, John 64

STURZAKER, James 595, 596

SUMMISTER, Jeremiah 5

SUMNER, Robert 598

SUTCLIFF, John 226

SUTCLIFFE, James 406

SUTCLIFFE, John 427

SUTLEY, Samuel 155

SUTTON, Robert 414

S

Related Material:Some sources of information on pauper apprenticeship.

WEBB, S. & B. English local government, vols. 7, 8 and 9, 1927-29. (352.042.W11).

DUNLOP, O.J. and DENMAN, R. D. English apprenticeship and child labour: a history. Chapter XVI. (331.86 D1).

MANCHESTER GUARDIANS OF THE POOR. Care of the poor of Manchester: poor law administration by the Manchester Board of Guardians and their predecessors. 1930. (Q352.9 M20).

LEONARD, E.M. Early history of English Poor Relief. 1900. (339 L12)